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A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-J-K-L-M-N-O-P-Q-R-S-T-U-V-W-X-Y-Z
- E. coli
- Escherichia coli, a bacterium found in the intestine. [More] [genome]
- Ecology
- Study of the interrelationships of organisms and their environment.
- Ecosystem
- A community of organisms interacting with each other and with their nonliving surroundings.
- Ectoderm
- Outermost layer of cells of an animal embryo. [discussion]
- Edema
- Abnormal accumulation of lymph in the tissue spaces. [More]
- Effector
- Body structure by which an organism acts. In humans the chief effectors are the muscles and glands.
- Egestion
- Elimination of undigested materials from the alimentary canal. [More]
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
- Electron
- Negatively charged particle present outside the nucleus of an atom. [More]
- Electronegative
- Having an affinity for electrons. [More]
- Electrophoresis
- Element
- Any of about 100 substances that consist of only one kind of atom and cannot be decomposed into simpler substances. [Discussion]
- Embryo
- An animal or plant in an early stage of development from a zygote.
- Embryonic stem (ES) cell
- [making transgenic mice] [human]
- Emphysema
- A condition of the lungs characterized by a reduction in the surface available for gas exchange.
- Emulsion
- Mixture consisting of droplets of one liquid suspended in a second.
- Enantiomer
- One of two mirror-image optical isomers. [More]
- End plate potential (EPP)
- The partial depolarization created in a muscle fiber in the region of an activated neuromuscular junction. [More]
- Endocrine
- Refers to hormones. [Discussion of human hormones] [table of human hormones]
- Endocytosis
- The engulfment by a cell of extracellular material accompanied by the invagination and pinching off of a portion of the plasma membrane. The engulfed material is thus enclosed within a vesicle called an endosome. [Discussion] [by B lymphocytes]
- Endoderm
- [of frog embryo]
- Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
- Endosome
- Membrane-bound vesicle formed by endocytosis.
- Endosperm
- Nutritive tissue that surrounds and nourishes the developing embryo of seed plants.
- Endostatin
- Endosymbiont
- An organism living within the body (or cell) of its symbiotic partner. [origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts]
- Endotherm
- An animal that maintains its body temperature with heat generated by its metabolism.
- Energy
- Capacity for doing work.
- Enhancer
- Region of DNA that alters (stimulates or inhibits) the initiation of the transcription of a gene. Enhancers differ from promoters in being farther away from, and either upstream (5') or downstream (3') of, the gene they influence.
- Enkephalins.
- More
- Enzyme
- Discussion
- Eotaxin
- Epicotyl
- That portion of the shoot of a plant embryo or seedling above the node at which the cotyledons are attached.
- Epidemiology
- [discussion]
- Epithelia
- Epitope
- A part of an antigen to which an antibody binds. Also called the antigenic determinant.
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
- [genome][and apoptosis]
- Equilibrium
- State of balance between opposing actions.
- Erythropoietin (EPO)
- [the hormone] [and somatic gene therapy]
- Escherichia coli
- go to E. coli
- Estrogen
- One of a group of steroids that act as female sex hormones promoting, among other effects, the development of the secondary sex characteristics. [Discussion]
- Ethylene
- Plant hormone.
- Etiolation
- A phenomenon exhibited by plants grown in the dark characterized by pale color, long internodes, and small leaves. [illustrated discussion]
- Eugenics
- The application of genetics in an attempt to "improve" the hereditary qualities of humans.
- Eukaryote
- An organism whose cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus. Sometimes spelled eucaryote.
- Eutrophication
- The process in which a body of water becomes enriched in dissolved nutrients.
- even-skipped (eve)
- [role in Drosophila embryo]
- Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
- The partial depolarization created in a postsynaptic neuron by the arrival of an action potential at the terminals of a neuron synapsing with it. [More]
- Excretion
- Elimination of metabolic wastes by an organism.
- Exocrine
- Refers to glands that deposit their secretion(s) into ducts that drain to the "exterior". Examples: salivary, sweat, and gastric glands [View topology]. Compare endocrine
- Exocytosis
- The discharge of vacuole-enclosed materials from a cell by the fusion of the vacuole membrane with the plasma membrane. [Discussion]
- Exon
- Portion of a gene that is retained in the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule.Adjacent exons are separated from each other by introns. Often exons encode one domain of a protein. The ability to shuffle exons in different combinations may - over the course of evolution - have speeded up the creation of new genes with new functions. [More]
- Extensor
- A muscle that extends a limb. [Example]
- Extracellular fluid (ECF)
- The fluid that bathes cells.
- Extraembryonic membranes
- Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
- Eye
- of humans
- eyeless (ey)
- Drosophila gene